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John F. Kennedy Jr.

Evidence Of A Cover up

John and Carolyn Kennedy

JFK Jr. - Why the official story is in doubt.

Let's get something clear. The purpose of this article is not to suggest an alternative explanation for the crash of JFK Jr's plane. The purpose of this article is to suggest that it is reasonable and prudent to examine all possibilities, not settle on the first explanation forced upon the public to the exclusion of all else.

Part 1. An Age Of Lies

We live in a time of very unpleasant realities. Truth has become such a valuable commodity that the government of the United States and the media have started (to put it politely) economizing it. Documented cases of media deception over the years have made it clear that the media lies to the public on important issues. As Richard Salent, Former President of CBS News has stated, media's job is to feed the public what media thinks the public ought to know. Clearly, anything that happens that the media doesn't think the public needs to know about will simply not be reported.

By way of example, let's take a look at the JFK assassination. For years, the government and the media sang a uniform chorus of "lone assassin" and "Magic Bullet", even though careful analysis showed that the media was using fraudulent photos to sell these claims. Finally, last year, trapped by his own handwritten notes uncovered in the National Archives, Warren Commission member But more to the point, even ahead of the implications for the "Magic Bullet" theory, the irrefutable fact is that the Warren Commission lied to the public about that back wound. Though they may try to explain it away as some bizarre attempt at historical "clarification", the plain simple fact is that a wound lower in the back and out on the shoulder blade was reported to the public by the Warren Commission as being at the base of the neck.

The Warren Commission lied to the public about the location of that wound. There is no other way to put it. It cannot be candy-coated. It cannot be "spun". It cannot be excused. The wound was in one place, but the public was told it was someplace else.

Just take a moment and think that through.

Once you accept that the Warren Report lied to the public, you'll realize you knew it all along. After all, the last official government verdict, rendered by the House Select Committee on Assassinations, was that there had indeed been a conspiracy, and John Connelly went to his grave insisting he was not hit by the same gunshot that had hit John F. Kennedy. The Zapruder film bears him out, showing Connelly, after John Kennedy has clutched his throat, still holding his Stetson hat in the hand which was just moments later, struck by a bullet. A different bullet.

For those of you old enough to remember, recall how the media unabashedly signed onto this lie of a "magic bullet" and a "lone assassin". The mainstream media, who purports to be the watchdog against government abuse on behalf of the American people, stood up to be counted with what may be the most monstrous lie told to the American people in the last half century. People tend to believe what they hear over and over again. And over and over again we heard the steady and unrelenting litany of "lone assassin", "lone assassin", "lone assassin". It wasn't news; it was a hypnotic sales pitch.

When Robert Kennedy was killed, yet again the people were told over and over again that it was a lone assassin. The government and the media spoke with a single voice of reassurance that nobody else had taken part in the assassination of Robert Kennedy. Yet it was clear from initial police reports that one other suspect did exist, a girl in a polka dot dress who was seen leading Sirhan around early in the evening, then running from the scene of the assassination. Probably few would have paid that much attention to her, since the investigation appeared not to be interested, until an official LAPD audio tape surfaced from the lie detector test of witness Sandy Serrano. Serrano was one of the witnesses who saw the woman in the Polka-dot dress leading Sirhan around prior to the shooting. Yet as can be heard on this tape, the police investigator is clearly trying o coerce Serrano into changing her story!

One more Kennedy death. One more cover-up.

In those innocent times, the American public was naïve, perhaps dangerously so. Americans never dreamed that our government and the media would lie to us all about something so important as the killing of our leaders. But, as history has shown, they did just that. We never dreamed that our nation's future was being shaped, not by the ballot box, but by the hired assassins of secretive powerful individuals. Yet it was, and still is.

The Kennedy assassinations, coupled with that of Martin Luther King, plus the attempted assassination of George Wallace, brought an end to that naivete, as we watched the man who would have never been President but for all those convenient deaths walk into the White House on Inauguration day, 1969.

More than anyone else, with the possible exception of the current occupant of the White House, Richard Nixon destroyed the image of an honorable and law-abiding American President we had all been raised with, The lesson of his term in office was a simple one. Presidents do break the law. Presidents commit perjury and obstruction of justice. Presidents have things to hide.

Oddly enough, Richard Nixon was forced to resign because of the John F. Kennedy assassination. The break-in at the Watergate offices of the Democratic National Committee would have never become the issue to topple a President, but for the need to protect just WHY the crime had been committed. The Democrats had obtained photographs which showed Nixon "associate" E. Howard Hunt to be one of the tramps arrested and then released in Dealey Plaza. This is why Hunt led the break-in at the Watergate. He was protecting his own posterior.

Rather than risk exposure of a far worse scandal, Nixon resigned, turning over the White House to Gerald Ford, the Warren Commission member who last year admitted last year to altering the official location of JFK's back wound.

From this linkage, it should be obvious that the various assassinations that dominate the political history of our nation are not the isolated events that the media and government would have us believe. They are, rather, high points on an ongoing continuum of intrigue and criminal enterprise that is the political reality.

Starting from the fact that you were lied to about the deaths of John and Robert Kennedy, take a moment to think back at just how many people had to sign onto those lies. Newscasters, police officers, investigators, and government officials, all had to take part, all DID take part.

That is an important lesson to keep in mind, that a lie to the public demands, and has little trouble obtaining, a vast number of people to help it along.

Part 2: The dishonesty of the media.

Asked to give a toast before the prestigious New York Press Club, John Swinton, the former Chief of Staff at the New York Times, made this candid confession [it's worth noting that Swinton was called "The Dean of His Profession" by other newsmen, who admired him greatly]:

    " There is no such thing, at this date of the world's history, as an
                                independent press. You know it and I know it. There is not one of you
                                who dares to write your honest opinions, and if you did, you know
                                beforehand that it would never appear in print. I am paid weekly for
                                keeping my honest opinions out of the paper I am connected with. Others
                                of you are paid similar salaries for similar things, and any of you who
                                would be so foolish as to write honest opinions would be out on the
                                streets looking for another job.
                           
                                If I allowed my honest opinions to appear in one issue of my paper,
                                before twenty-four hours my occupation would be gone. The business of
                                the journalist is to destroy the truth; to lie outright; to pervert; to
                                vilify; to fawn at the feet of mammon, and to sell the country for his
                                daily bread. You know it and I know it and what folly is this toasting
                                an independent press. We are the tools and vassals of the rich men
                                behind the scenes. We are the jumping jacks, they pull the strings and
                                we dance. Our talents, our possibilities and our lives are all the
                                property of other men. We are intellectual prostitutes. "
                           

From a very young age we are all raised in the belief that the media is supposed to keep an eye on the government, to watch out for wrongdoing. There is a carefully crafted illusion of an independent media, but it is illusion only. Since WW2, the Central Intelligence Agency has been running operation MOCKINGBIRD which places CIA assets in management positions of all the media. That the CIA wields a great deal of control over the media and what it tells the American people was revealed by the heavy handed actions taken in regards to covering up that portion of the Iran-Contra scandal that took place at the Mena, Arkansas airport. Following the killing of cocaine smuggler and Iran-Contra pilot Barry Seal, writers Roger Morris and Sally Denton uncovered documents proving that Seal had been working for the CIA. That information was written up as an article for the Washington Post, and had been cleared for publication by legal and fact checking when Managing Editor Bob Kaiser spiked the article without explanation. When writer Gary Webb wrote his series of article "Dark Alliance", which accused the CIA of being the source of the cocaine that poured into Los Angeles in the 1980s, virtually every major newspaper, including the Los Angeles Times, united in their attack on his story. Less than one year later, the CIA's Inspector General issued a report that admitted to the cocaine trafficking in connection with Iran-Contra. None of the newspapers that savaged Gary Webb ever bothered to apologize to him.

The few times the media has appeared to expose government wrongdoing has later been revealed in historical hindsight as one faction using the media against another faction. For those issues which all factions agree must be kept from the public, the media operates with total unanimity. As we saw in the photos from the Dec 14th, 1963 POST magazine, the media was committing outright fraud to sell the single bullet theory to the public. And, as we saw with regard to the cocaine smuggling by the CIA, the media not only ignores the story, but attacks anyone who dares touch the subject.

And again, these are not isolated incidents, but part of a continuum, as evidenced by the various scandals which have hit the major media involving the fraudulently manufactured Food Lion story, the phony Bosnian "Concentration Camp" photos, and the use of explosives to manufacture a story about unsafe side mounted gas tanks on GM trucks.

That our media is biased is clear. All the mainstream media championed the story that White House Deputy Council Vincent Foster committed suicide. CBS "60 Minutes" went out of their way to attack writer Chris Ruddy, who pointed out the evidence of cover-up (evidence which has now brought the FBI into Federal Court on charges of witness harassment and evidence tampering). A&E's "Inside Investigations" explained away the lack of fingerprints on the smooth metal revolver Foster was found with by using a heavily textured semi-automatic pistol on their program, a deliberate fraud.

Speaking of CBS "60 Minutes", the executive producer of that show, Don Hewitt, has admitted on video tape to editing his show's segment on Gennifer Flowers to discredit her and help Bill Clinton, even though Gennifer Flowers had audio tapes which proved her story was true.

DON HEWITT (Executive Producer, "60 Minutes"):   And they came to us 
                           because they were in big trouble in New Hampshire.  They were about to 
                           lose right there and they needed some first aid.  They needed some 
                           bandaging.  What they needed was a paramedic.  So they came to us and 
                           we did it and that's what they wanted to do.  When I told Tim Russer 
                           that I was persona-non-grata at the White House, he said, "Why?"  I 
                           said, "The Gennifer Flowers interview."  He said, "You got him the 
                           nomination."  I said, "I know that."  As far as I know from the 
                           conversations I've had, Bernie Nussbaum knew that, Gergen knows that, 
                           Lloyd Cutler certainly knows it 'cause Lloyd had a hand in his coming 
                           on that night.  
                            
                           You know it was strong medicine the way I edited it but he was a very 
                           sick candidate.  He needed very strong medicine, and I'm not in the 
                           business of doctoring candidates but he got up out of a sick bed that 
                           night and walked to the nomination and as I said to Mandy, "You know 
                           if I'ld edited it your way, you know where you'd be today?  You'd still 
                           be up in New Hampshire looking for the nomination."  He became the 
                           candidate that night.
                           

Because of incidents like the above, plus others so numerous as to be beyond the scope of this document, it has become popular to refer to members of the media as "presstitutes", in keeping with John Swinton's quite honest assessment of his own profession.

It therefore follows that, since the presstitutes write or broadcast what they are told to write and broadcast, that all media presents to the public is what the owners and controllers of the media want you to think. They print it, you think it. They broadcast it, you think it. They print it, you think it. They broadcast it, you think it. People believe what they hear over and over again.

And over and over again, you are being lied to.

Part 3: The FBI and COINTELPRO - harassment of those who try to expose the lies.

The FBI has enjoyed, for much of it's existance, a splendid public image. This is no accident. J. Edgar Hoover spent as much time polishing the image of the FBI as he did solving crimes, and the unofficial motto of the FBI remains, "Never embarrass the bureau".

Hoover was obsessed with Hollywood, going back to his battles with Charlie Chaplin. Hoover personally supervised the filming of the Jimmy Stewert movie, "The FBI Story", and FBI documents show that the FBI not only kept watch on celebrities, but kept an eye on movies that might be considering showing the FBI in a poor light. So concerned with the FBI's [public image was Hoover that he even used bureau assets to track rumors of his gay lifestyle.

But that's just the FBI's public image. The reality is quite something else.

It is inevitable that when a government lies to the people, sooner or later the liars need to have in place a mechanism to suppress anyone who might wish to expose the lies, the first amendment be damned.

Fullfilling that role is the FBI and it's COINTELPRO program, the harsh reality behind the polished public image.

Originally started back in the 60s to sabotage opposition to the war in Vietnam, the FBI's COINTELRO operation was exposed in the 70s and led to Congressional Hearings. In those hearings, it became obvious that rather than fighting crime, the FBI had been engaged in criminal actions of its own and for no other purpose than to silence anyone who spoke out against the government's policies, and especially those who challenged the official view of events.

One of the tools most used by the FBI was to sabotage public support for dissident views by planting false information, either through informants, the complicit media, or undercover informants which operated on every college campus (and still do to this day).

One of the most infamous smear jobs involved the "Black Panther Coloring Book". The Black Panthers were originally formed to address two issues. They wanted to make sure that kids in the ghettos were getting breakfasts, and they were concerned with the curriculum in the public schools and wanted local control of education (an issue that many today can easily identify with). And, of course, they wanted the government to respect their Constitutional rights.

Needless to say, the Federal government did not like either the idea of giving up control of the public school curriculum, nor of having to respect anyone's Constitutional rights.

The FBI then printed up the coloring book shown at the above link and distributed it far and wide. That it was mailed primarily to white households should have been the tip-off, but again, people didn't believe that the government of the United States engaged in such despicable behaviors, and that belief kept the people blind. The mainstream media then proceeded to tell the public that the coloring books were being given out to black children at those free breakfasts, and forever after, the Black Panthers were portrayed by the media as dangerous fanatics intending to kill white people. Needless to say, all support for local control of the curriculum vanished.

Yet another infamous FBI trick was the smearing of actress Jean Seberg, who at a time when the Black Panthers were under attack by the media and the FBI, openly supported them on the issues of civil rights. Because of her fame as a film star, Jean Seberg drew a lot of public attention to the real issues the Black Panthers were working for, so the FBI set out to destroy her.

The SAIC Los Angeles wrote a memo to FBI headquarters in Washington D.C. Page one of the memo requested permission to plant a false story to destroy Jean Seberg's public image. Page two of the memo contained assurances that the smearing would never be traced back to the FBI, clear evidence that the Los Angeles office knew it was acting in an unethical manner.

Permission was granted by Washington D.C. with the suggestion that the smear be delayed until Jean's pregnancy was much more obvious. He phony letters were sent, and the story broken by Los Angles Times gossip columnist Joyce Haber. NEWSWEEK picked up the story, and it was soon world wide. All this at a time when inter-racial sex, let alone an inter-racial adulterous affair, was a career-wrecking scandal. The emotional shock of the smear drove Jean Seberg into miscarriage. The funeral for the baby was help with an open coffin, so the lie stood revealed in it's most tragic and pathetic form. Soon after, Jean eberg committed suicide. Because Jean Seberg's husband was a French Diplomat, the scandal became an international incident that ended only when the FBI was forced to make a public apology for it's action (one of very few times it has done so).

This is the harsh reality behind the glitzy and quite phony façade of the FBI. As whistleblower Frank Whitehurst has pointed out, and as the lawsuit against the FBI for witness harassment and evidence tampering in the Vincent Foster case underscores, the FBI is not always interested in what is true, but only in what is expedient.

The FBI is in the business of planting false information for the express purpose of deceiving the public.

Part 4: The NTSB and TWA 800

Perhaps no stronger indication exists of the culture of deception that permeates our government than the deplorable behavior of the NTSB in the aftermath of the crash of TWA 800.

The evidence that TWA 800 was victim to something other than a mysterious fuel tank explosion could fill a website (several, actually) but for our purposes, we will focus on one issue only, that of the strange red residue found on three rows of seats in the reconstructed wreckage.

In the NTSB's report, specifically the Fire & Explosions report written by Merritt Birky, the NTSB claims that the red residue, thought by many to be the combustion products of a solid fuel rocket motor, was the 3M contact cement used in the manufacture of the seats. The NTSB went further, claiming that lab tests conducted by NASA scientist Dr. Charles Bassett had linked the red residue to the seat glue.

But that is not what Dr. Bassett found. In a sworn declaration entered as evidence in a court case Dr. Bassett makes it clear that his tests did not and could not link the red residue to seat glue. More telling, deliberate attempts by him to coerce the normally pale green contact cement into assuming the reddish color of the residue all failed.

The NTSB lied to the public when they claimed Dr. Bassett's lab tests linked the red residue to seat glue. R. Bassett's tests did nothing of the kind.

The NTSB lied.

What the red residue actually is, is a subject for another monograph. The key point to be made here is that the National Transportation Safety Board willfully and knowingly lied to the public about an air crash.

The NTSB lied.

Keep that in mind.

Part 5: The crash of John F. Kennedy Jr's aircraft and the indications of a cover-up.

Having established that the government and the media have a prior (and quite deplorable) record of deliberate lies to the public, let us look at how the official story of the crash of John F. Kennedy Jr's plane evolved, and why it is suspect.

As first reported by United Press International, John F. Kennedy Jr. on approach to Martha's Vineyard in 8 mile visibility, was in radio contact with the ground, calmly informing them of his intentions to drop off a passenger before proceeding to Hyannis airport. Then, according to ABC News, JFK Jr's plane went into a steep dive, and crashed.

However, even before the wreckage was found, the story being put out in the media began to change. Gone was the previously reported radio conversation a calm JFK Jr. had with ground personnel just before the plane fell out of the sky, replaced by a declaration from the NTSB that JFK Jr. had not used his radio at all as he approached Martha's Vineyard. Gone also was the originally reported 8 mile visibility while the media began to hammer home the claim that Martha's Vineyard had been totally blanketed with a haze so heavy that pilots in the air would have been blind.

No sooner were the various stories put out but they quickly fell apart.

Here are some examples.

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. was lost.
FACT: When JFK Jr. radioed controllers on the Cape (as reported on Boston TV News) to announce his approach to Martha's Vineyard, radar showed him to be just where he stated he was and at the correct altitude for the approach.

PROPAGANDA: JK Jr. was in "over his head".
FACT: JFK Jr's conversational tone on the radio reveals that he was calm. He was not disoriented. He didn't ask for directions. He didn't indicate he had any problem at all. He clearly was confident he was going to find the airport and land.

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. stalled the plane.
FACT: The radar track shows that he was well above stall speed.

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. went into a steep turn and lost hi horizon.
FACT: There is no reason for JFK Jr. to have been in any turn at all at that point on the flight path leading into the airport. He was already lined up with the main runway at Martha's Vineyard airport.

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. didn't know his altitude and simply "flew into the ocean".
FACT: The radar track shows him flying at the proper altitude, then (as ABC News put it) "falling out of the sky".

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. lost his instruments, and that is why he could not handle the dark and hazy (?) conditions
FACT: The fact that the radar was getting good data from his encoding altimeter proves his instruments were operating.

PROPAGANDA: JFK Jr. would have lost his artificial horizon if the vacuum pump failed in the aircraft.
FACT: MSNBC is the only media outlet to have tried to hype this one, using a self-proclaimed "aviation expert". His claim is also false, as there is a backup vacuum system in the pitot assembly of that aircraft.

PROPAGANDA JFK Jr. was a reckless pilot.
FACT: This claim was planted everywhere in the media, always attributed to an "unnamed source". One reporter, Cindy Adams at the New York Post, later had cause to suspect she had been lied to. So did Andrew Goldman at the New York Observer. Interviews with individuals directly familier with JFK Jr's flying ability shown on Inside Edition confirmed that he was a highly skilled and careful pilot.

PROPAGANDA JFK Jr's wife was afraid to fly with him.
FACT: Again a story attributed to "unnamed sources", and again debunked by the interviews shown on Inside Edition. JFK Jr's wife had no problem flying with JFK Jr. and flew with him often.

PROPAGANDA JFK Jr. had only 40 hours experience.
FACT: He had 40 hours in that one aircraft. His total experience was about 300 hours, more than enough to qualify him for a commercial pilot's license. According to FAA statistics, 300 hours made him a more careful and safer pilot than one with 1000 hours, who is more complacent.

PROPAGANDA The weather was very hazy.
FACT: The FAA issued VFR weather conditions that night, and the weather report (mentioned in the UPI story) called for 8 mile visibility. One witness on shore reported that there was very little haze and that standing on the shore, he could see airplanes out over the ocean on approach to the island, proof that airplanes on the approach could see the shore. This claim is backed up not only by the weather report of 8 mile visibility, but by a weather radar image taken at about the time of the crash. This radar image is showing haze and fog along New York and Long Island (if this radar image were of clouds, the FAA would not have declared VFR flying conditions that night) but none at all at Martha's Vineyard. ON the morning after the crash, CNN reported that weather could be ruled out as a factor in the crash!

PROPAGANDA: Martha's Vineyard is very dark and won't show through the haze.
FACT: That may have been true only a few months ago. However, as evidenced by a Letter to the Editor of the Martha's Vineyard Times just days after the JFK Jr. crash, new lights installed on the island, lights that point up in the sky, are so bright they are drawing complaints from island residents.

That the Kennedy family has been the target of political assassination is a part of the American political landscape. It's a given.

That cover-ups surrounded the deaths of Kennedys is also a given.

That our government lies to us, with the media's help, is a given.

There is good cause to assume we are being lied to yet again.

General Background Info

Gay Head

Martha's Vineyard Airport (NOA satellite image)

The aircraft

Click to go to aircraft specs.

The Weather That Night.

Weather Radar Shows Clear Skies.

Click for full size image.

Weather radar image taken 10:40 PM the night of the crash. The radar was set for "clear", a much more sensitive setting than "precipitation" which tracks rain. That this radar image is showing fog and haze as opposed to clouds is proven by the fact that the FAA had listed conditions as VFR with 8 mile visibility for the area.

This radar image shows fog and haze along New York and Long Island, but Martha's Vineyard is definatly in clear air.

News Articles.

The first UPI article.

Click HERE for news article which confirms JFK Jr. to be in calm radio contact with the ground, in 8 mile visibility, and reports a witness who saw a white flash up in the sky. This article also tells a story of a strange radio bacon, thought to be that of JFK Jr's plane, which started at the time of the crash but in the wrong location, then mysteriously shut down some hous later.

There was no heavy haze.

Click HERE for news article which quotes an eyewitness report that conditions on Martha's Vineyard were not hazy. This report also shows that people on the shore of the island could see aircraft on approach out over the ocean, proving that aircraft out over the ocean could see the shore.

It Wasn't Dark at all.

Martha's Vineyard has bright lights shining up into the sky.

Click HERE for a Letter to the Editor published in the Martha's Vineyard Times complaining how new lights which point up into the sky have turned the center of the island as bright as the "Boston Skyline".

Deliberate Disinformation That Points to a Cover-up.

New York Post reporter Cindy Adams outs C. David Heymann for deliberatly planting false information with the press, information which implies that JFK Jr. was an incompetant pilot.

Deliberate Disinformation That Points to a Cover-up. Part 2

New York Observer reporter Andrew Goldman confirms C. David Heymann for deliberatly planting false information with the press, information which smears JFK Jr. as a reckless and incompetant pilot.

The on again off again beacon.

The very first night the aircraft carrying JFK Jr. vanished, there were early reports of an emergancy beacon being detected, but detected quite a dstance away from where the plane's wreckage was actually found.

From the initial UPI story, we get the following odd comment.

 An emergency beacon thought to belong to the plane was activated and
                           heard by the Coast Guard in Long Island, N.Y., at 3:40 a.m. But as the
                           search went on, authorities seemed to discount the relevance of the
                           beacon signal.
                           

Was another plane down in the area that night? If not, then the beacon has to be relative.

   Kurt Hartman, spokesman
                           for the U.S. Coast Guard's district
                           headquarters in New Haven, Conn., said this morning, "We received a
                           call from our district office in Boston directing us to conduct a
                           shoreline search off Horton Point, in Long Island Sound, for an
                           emergency locating transmitting beacon."
                              But by 10:30 a.m., the Coast Guard was no longer receiving a signal
                           from the emergency beacon that was believed to be on Kennedy's small
                           plane.
                           

Here we find that the beacon that has the Coast Guard ordering a search in the WRONG LOCATION simply switches goes away. The source of that beacon has never been identified.

For those critical first few hours, this beacon had searchers looking in the wrong place. Then it simple went away.

FOOTNOTE: The July 26th, 1999 issue of Newsweek

Just days prior to his death, NBC Dateline hinted that JFK Jr. was considering an entry into politics, and mentioned that a story to that effect was to be published in the July 26th, 1999 issue of NEWSWEEK.

NEWSWEEK recalled that issue from the distrubutors, and had them destroyed. CNN ran a story claiming that NEWSWEEK planned to change covers and re-distribute, but that never happened. The NEWSWEEK issue dealing with JFK Jr. is dated August 2nd. The July 26th 1999 issue of NEWSWEEK simply vanished.

NEW!Witness "no longer available".

         JFK Jr-"SKY FLASH" REPORTER UNAPPROACHABLE
                                    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                           
                                                                         Aug. 5, 1999
                           
                            I just phoned the Martha's Vineyard Gazette and spoke with a
                            woman there. I asked her about the statement -- in the July 17th
                            United Press International report of the John F. Kennedy Jr.
                            plane crash  http://www.upi.com/corp/news/jfkjr3.html
                            -- that a reporter for the Martha's Vineyard Gazette had
                            witnessed an explosion in the sky around the time of the crash.
                            She replied, "Oh, that story was completely bogus. What really
                            happened was that someone was shooting off fireworks on Falmouth."
                            "Falmouth?" I said, "Is that an island?"  "Falmouth," she said,
                            "is the closest point to Martha's Vineyard."
                            I said, "But this reporter witnessed an explosion in the SKY."
                            She countered, "Well, they were shooting rockets up in the
                            air, or something like that."
                           
                            Fearing that she might hang up if I continued to contradict her,
                            I asked, "May I speak with the reporter who witnessed this?"
                            "Oh, no," she replied nervously, "we can't do that."
                            I said, "Oh, that's strange. What could be the problem with
                            speaking to a reporter?"  She repeated, "We can't permit that."
                            I said, "Okay, can you at least give me his name?"
                            "No, we can't do that, either," she persisted."  Then she added,
                            "He no longer works for us," almost as if she were making it up,
                            just to get me to give up. Then when I responded with a surprised
                            "Ohhh", she suddenly realized that her comment had made matters
                            worse and, in a jolt of vexation, she sputtered, "Oh, no, no!
                            It has nothing to do with that incident. He went back to school."
                            "Oh," I said, "so is he a journalism student?"  After an
                            answerless pause, I thanked her and said goodbye.
                            I think she was relieved.
                           
                            What do you make of this, folks?  What questions would
                            you have asked if you had called the Martha's Vineyard
                            Gazette, at (508)627-4311? Would you have asked if the
                            reason why the UPI quote (of his statement that he saw a
                            "big white flash" in the sky off Philbin Beach at about
                            the time of the crash) was expunged from ALL subsequent
                            news reports from ALL news outlets was because this
                            reporter had personally called United Press International
                            and told them that he had made a mistake -- that the
                            "big white flash" he saw in the sky off Philbin Beach
                            at about the time of the crash was REALLY caused by
                            someone shooting rockets into the air from Falmouth?
                            And if he would have ever made such an absurd retraction,
                            then how is it that no other news outlet ANYWHERE has, after
                            July 17th, repeated the reporter's sighting ANYWAY, considering
                            that news outlets feed off of one another (e.g. WCVB-TV said
                            this, and UPI said this, and so on)? How is it that this
                            media magical disappearing act could have been pulled off so
                            neatly, without ONE SINGLE news outlet breaking the code of
                            silence?
                           
                            And so, we come, full circle, to that unnamed, unidentifiable,
                            unapproachable reporter: the unreporting reporter.
                            If his retraction was so widely recognized throughout all
                            the cutting rooms of mass medialand ... then why in the hell
                            can NO ONE be allowed to speak with him, much less, even find
                            out his name?
                           
                            And how does the Vineyard Gazette KNOW that its reporter
                            definitely saw fireworks off of Falmouth, and not a "big white
                            flash" off of Philbin Beach? Did the reporter later reflect on
                            his sighting, replay his mental videotape, and say to himself,
                             "Gee, that wasn't a big white flash in the sky off of Philbin
                              Beach. It was rockets shooting up in the air off of Falmouth."
                           Is that how the human mind functions? You just go back and
                           replay the tape in your head, and see what actually happened?
                           Or, did someone ELSE tell the Vineyard Gazette that the reporter
                           saw fireworks off of Falmouth at around the time of the Kennedy
                           plane's plunge into the ocean?  -- and that they had better stick
                           to that story!
                           
                           Furthermore, did you ever hear of anyone going "back to school"
                           before August 5th (the date of my phone call to the Gazette)?
                           Doesn't school start in September?
                           
                           And furthermore still -- someone notified me that Falmouth is in
                           the opposite direction from Philbin Beach. The UPI report indeed
                           stated that the Vineyard Gazette reporter sighted the "big white
                           flash" off of Philbin Beach. Well, that's easy enough to
                           check out. Is Philbin Beach near the line-of-sight of Falmouth?
                           Would you check it out for me and let me know?  Thanks.
                           
                                        John DiNardo   jdinardo@idt.net
                           

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Back To The Crash Page.


Mail to: What Really Happened

John F. Kennedy Jr.

JFK Jr's Piper Saratoga N9253N.

Piper Saratoga II TC

Performance Specifications

Engine

Manufacturer: Lycoming
Model: IO-540-AHIA
Horsepower: 300 hp to 12,000 feet
Number of Cylinders: 6

Propeller

Manufacturer: Hartzell
Number of Blades: 3
Type: Constant Speed

Weights

Standard Empty/Equipped Weight (*b,c): 2464 lbs/1118 kgs
Standard Useful Load (*a): 1151 lbs/522 kgs
Gross Weight: 3600 lbs/1633 kgs

Wing Area

Wing Area: 178.3 square feet/16.56 square meters

Dimensions

Wing Span: 36.2 feet/11.0 meters
Length: 27.9 feet/8.5 meters
Height: 8.5 feet/2.6 meters
Cabin Length: 124.25 inches/315.6 centimeters
Cabin Width: 48.75 inches/123.8 centimeters
Cabin Height: 42.0 inches/106.7 centimeters

Headroom (seat to ceiling):
Front Seats: 38 inches/96.5 centimeters
Middle Seats: 35.75 inches/90.8 centimeters Rear Seats: 34.5 inches/87.0 centimeters

Fuel Capacity

Usable Fuel: 102 gallons/386 litres

Oil Capacity

Oil Capacity:12 quarts/11.4 litres

Baggage

Volume:
Forward Compartment: 7 cubic feet/.2 cubic meters
Aft Compartment: 17.3 cubic feet/.49 cubic meters

Capacity:
Forward Compartment: 100 lbs/45.4 kgs
Aft Compartment: 100 lbs/45.4 kgs

Maximum Speed

TAS at gross Weight: 192 kts/356 kmh

Cruising Speeds

High Performance @ 8,000 feet: 174 kts/322 kmh
Cruise Speed @ 10,000 feet: 177 kts/328 kmh
Cruise Speed @ 15,000 feet: 186 kts/345 kmh

Stall Speed

Flaps Down Full 40 degrees: IAS 60 kts/IAS 111 kmh

Cruise Range

(*d) Cruise range includes 45-minute fuel reserve at cruise power plus allowance for fuel used during taxi, take-off, climb at MCP, cruise plus descent.

High Performance @ 8,000 feet: 788 nm/1460 km
Cruise Speed @ 10,000 feet: 797 nm/1477 km
Cruise Speed @ 15,000 feet: 822 nm/1523 km

Maximum Operating Altitude

Maximum Operating Altitude: 20,000 feet/6096 meters

Take-Off Distance

Ground Roll: 1200 feet/366 meters
Total over 50-foot obstacle: 1800 feet/549 meters

Landing Distance

Ground Roll: 640 feet/195 meters
Total over 50-foot obstacle: 1520 feet/463 meters

*a. Standard Useful load is ramp weight minus standard equipped weight.
*b. The standard empty weight and standard equipped weight are the same.
*c. Standard aircraft per marketing.
*d. Predicted performance based upon established analytical methods.

The New Piper Aircraft, Inc. reserves the right to make changes in specifications, materials, equipment or prices at any time without prior notice or to discontinue models as required. It is the responsibility of the pilot to conduct all operations in accordance with FAA approved Pilot's Operating Handbook, which is the only official source of data.

To visit The New Piper Aircraft Web Site, click here

STANDARD EQUIPMENT & AVIONICS

 
POWERPLANT & PROPELLER
Engine-Lycoming TIO-540-AH1A 300 HP At 2500 RPM, Turbocharged, Direct Drive, Six-Cylinder, Fuel-Injected
Dynafocal Engine Mounts with Internal Dampers
Three-Blade, Constant Speed Propeller
Polished Propeller Spinner
Geared Starter, 28 Volt
Air Filter
Full Flow Oil Coolers (Two) - w/Thermostatic Control
Dual Pressurized Magnetos
Alternate Induction Air with Manual Control
Oil Quick Drain
Engine Driven Vacuum Pump
 
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS & INDICATORS
Piper Truespeed Indicator
Magnetic Compass (Illuminated)
ADI
HSI
Turn Rate Indicator
Rate of Climb Indicator

Electric Clock DVR 300I-XTw/Voice Recorder

Overhead Switch Panel
  • Bar Guarded Push-to-Start
  • Battery Master
  • Alternator
  • Bar Guarded Electric Fuel Pump
  • Bar Guarded Magneto Switches, Two
  • Taxi Lights
  • Landing/Pulse Lights
  • Navigation Lights
  • Strobe Lights
Annunciator Panel with Push-to-Test and Day/Night Switch
  • Starter Engage
  • Low Bus Voltage
  • Alternator Inoperative
  • Oil Pressure Low
  • Gyro Vacuum Inoperative
  • Nose Baggage Door Ajar
  • Gear Warning
  • Flaps in Transit
  • Pitot Heat Inoperative/Off
  • Air Conditioning Door (Optional)
New Engine Instrument Indicators/Monitoring System
Digital Display Monitor Panel with
  • Percent Power
  • Fuel Management Including GPS Interface
  • Temperature Readings Including OAT
  • Electrical System Performance Indicators
  • Exceedence Monitoring and Recording
  • Manifold Pressure Indicator
  • RPM Indicator
  • Turbine Inlet Temperature and Fuel Flow Indicator
  • Oil Temperature & Oil Pressure Indicator
  • Cylinder Head Temperature & Vacuum Indicator
  • Fuel Quantity L/R Indicator
  • Engine Hour Recorder
  • Alternate Instrument Static Source
 
COCKPIT, FLIGHT & GROUND CONTROLS
Hytrel Dual Control Wheels
Stainless Steel Control Cables
Flight Trim Controls
  • Rudder with Indicator
  • Stabilator with Indicator
Engine Controls - Pedestal with Friction Lock
  • Throttle
  • Propeller
  • Mixture (with Lock)
Alternate Induction Air
Stall Warning Horn
Steerable Nosewheel
Heavy Duty Brake System
  • Pilot's Toe Brakes
  • Copilot's Toe Brakes
  • Parking Brake
Landing Gear, Retractable-Electro Hydraulic
Landing Gear Warning Horn and Position Lights
Wing Flaps, Electrically Operated with Four Preselected Positions (0, 10, 25 and 40 Degrees)
Fuel Control Selectors w/OFF/LEFT/RIGHT
Emergency Gear Extension System
 
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
28 Volt, Alternator-90 Amp
24 Volt 10 amp Hour Battery
Master Switch Relay
Alternator Control Unit
Electric Vacuum Pump (Standby)
Heated AN Pitot Head
Resettable-Type Circuit Breakers in CB Panel
Back Lighted Rocker Switches, Conveniently Grouped on Pilot's Instrument Panel and Overhead Panel
Static Discharge Wicks
Automatic Emergency Locator Beacon (ELT)
 
FUEL SYSTEM
Two Interconnected Fuel Tanks per Wing with 107 Gallons Total Capacity, 102 Gallons Usable
Engine Driven Fuel Pump
Electric Emergency Fuel Pump
Fuel Quantity Sight Gauge, Inboard Tanks, Two
Fuel Tank Quick Drains, Four
Fuel System Central Drain
Fuel Sampling Bottle
Flush Lockable Fuel Caps
 
CABIN COMFORT SYSTEM
Heater Muff, Provides Heat to Cabin Area, Regulated by Control on Panel with Six Floor Heat Outlets
Heat Regulating Levers-Located at Each Passenger Seat
Windshield Defrosters And Control
Cabin Air Exhaust Vents, Two
Cabin Fresh Air Vents, Six Individually Controlled, Overhead, and Four Individually Controlled, Floor Mounted
Ventilation Fan w/2 Speed Settings
 
EXTERNAL FEATURES
Exterior Paint, DuPont Imron 6000 Base-Coat/Clear-Coat System
Full Chemical Corrosion Protection
12 Inch Shadowed or Outlined Registration Numbers
Cabin Doors, Two-Right Forward and Left Rear
Main Wheels, 6.00 X 6 w/H.D. Tires and Tubes, eight-Ply
Nose Wheel, 5.00 X 5 w/H.D. Tire and Tube, six-Ply
Stowable Towbar
Tie Down Rings, Three (Retractable On Wings)
Jack Pads
Fore and Aft Cabin And Nose Baggage Doors, Lockable
Utility Door for Rear Baggage Access and Cargo Loading
External Power Receptacle
Entrance Step
Keys with Piper Logo
 
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Instrument Panel Lighting
Avionics Dimming
Map Lights
Cabin Reading Lights, Four
Forward Baggage Compartment Light
Cabin Door Lights, Two
Navigation Lights
Landing/Pulsating Recognition Lights In Wing Tips
Taxi/Landing Light on Nose Landing Gear
Wing Tip Comet Strobe Lights
 
COCKPIT & CABIN APPOINTMENTS
Forward Cabin Door with Single-Lever Locking System
Six Seat Configuration in Club Seating
Choice of Four Interior Colors, which Includes: Leather Seats, Designer Side Panels, Wall-to-Wall Carpeting and Headliner
Pilot/Copilot Vertically Adjustable Seats with Inflatable Lumbar Support, Pilot/Copilot Folding Armrest, and Magazine Storage Pockets On Back of Each Seat with Headrests. Fore, Aft and Tilting Adjustment with Inertial Shoulder Reels and Safety Belts.
GARMIN Pilot/Copilot and Passenger Intercom System
Pilot and Copilot Stowable Armrests
Armrests-Crew Area, Two
Map Pockets, Two
Pilot's Vent Window
Sunvisors
POH Holder
Color Coordinated Throttle Quadrant and Center Console
Scuff Pads, Pilot and Copilot
Tinted Windshield and Windows
Window Shades on Passenger Windows
Deluxe Six Seat Lounge Interior Group
Headrests for All Seats, Club Seating Arrangements with Shoulder Harness and Seat Belts, Rear Seats Incorporate Quick Release Feature For Easy Removal, Refreshment Console with Cup Holders, and Fold-Down Armrests on Crew and Rear Seats, Built-In Executive Writing Table.
Super Soundproofing, Quietized
Luggage Compartments with Security Straps
  • Rear Cabin and Hat Shelf Area, 17.3 cu ft.
  • Max Rear Baggage Area Load, 100 lbs.
  • Fuselage Nose, 7.0 cu ft. 100 lbs.
Compass Correction Card with Holder
Halon Fire Extinguisher
 
PRODUCT SUPPORT/DOCUMENTS
Manufacturer's Full Two-Year Limited Warranty
Initial Pilot Training Slot with ATTITUDES INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Pilot's Operating Handbook
Aircraft Log Book
Engine Log Book
Certificate of Airworthiness
Flight Bag
Piper Warranty/Inspection Form
 
STANDARD GARMIN/S-TEC AVIONICS PACKAGE
Audio Panel with Marker Beacon and Intercom GMA-340
Nav/GS/GPS/Comm GNS-430
Nav/GS/GPS/Comm GNS-430
#2 Indicator (Loc and GS) GI-106
Transponder GTX-320
Autopilot S-TEC 55 Dual Axis Autopilot with automatic electric trim and turn indicator
ADI (Flight Director Bars) ST-361
HSI with Slaved Compass ST-180
DME DME-450
Altitude Reporter
Ground Clearance System
Pilot/Copilot Wheel Mic Button
Avionics Master Switch
Microphone (Telex 100T)
Headset (Telex Airman 760)
Speaker w/Mic/Phone Jacks
Static Discharge Wicks
PS Engineering Headsets (4)
AR-850
 
carolynhilterbessettekennedy.jpg

Lebensborn (Fount of Life, in German) was a child welfare and relocation program initiated by Nazi leader Heinrich Himmler to aid the racial heredity of the Third Reich. The program was implemented in Germany and certain parts of occupied Europe.

After World War II it was reported that the objective of the program was a large-scale systematic eugenic human breeding programme to create a master race of "racially pure" Aryans.[1]

tain parts of occupied Europe.

After World War II it was reported that the objective of the program was a large-scale systematic eugenic human breeding programme to create a master race of "racially pure" Aryans.[1]

Background

The Lebensborn e. V. (eingetragener Verein, "registered association") was founded on December 12, 1935, in part as a response to declining birth rates in Germany. Located in Munich, the organization was partly an office within the Schutzstaffel (SS) and responsible for certain family welfare programs, and partly a society for Nazi leaders. The purpose of the program was to provide incentives to encourage Germans, especially SS members, to have more children.

On September 13, 1936, Himmler wrote the following to members of SS [1]:

The organization "Lebensborn e. V." serves the SS leaders in the selection and adoption of qualified children. The organization "Lebensborn e. V." is under my personal direction, is part of the race and settlement central bureau of the SS, and has the following obligations:

(1) aid for racially and biologically-hereditarily valuable families
(2) the accommodation of racially and biologically-hereditarily valuable mothers in appropriate homes, etc.
(3) care of the children of such families
(4) care of the mothers
It is the honorable duty of all leaders of the central bureau to become members of the organization "Lebensborn e. V.". The application for admission must be filed prior to 23/9/1936.

In 1939, membership stood at 8,000 , of which 3,500 were SS leaders with mandatory membership [2]. The Lebensborn office was part of SS Rasse und Siedlungshauptamt (SS Office of Race and Settlement) until 1938, when it was transferred to Hauptamt Persönlicher Stab Reichsführer-SS (Personal Staff of the Reich Leader SS), ie. directly overseen by Himmler. Leaders of Lebensborn e. V. were SS-Standartenführer Max Sollmann and SS-Oberführer Dr. Gregor Ebner.

[edit] Implementation

Initially the program served as a welfare institution for wives of SS officers; the organization ran facilities, primarily maternity homes, where women could give birth or get help with family matters. Furthermore, the program accepted unmarried women who were either pregnant or had already given birth and were in need of aid, provided that both the woman and the father of the child were racially valuable. Later such facilities also served as temporary homes, orphanages and as an adoption service. When dealing with non-SS members, parents and children were usually examined by SS doctors before admittance.

The first Lebensborn home (known as Heim Hochland) opened in 1936 in Steinhöring, a tiny village not far from Munich. The first home outside of Germany opened in Norway in 1941.

While Lebensborn e. V. established facilities in several occupied countries, activities were concentrated around Germany, Norway and the occupied North-Eastern Europe, mainly Poland. The main focus in occupied Norway was aiding children born by German soldiers and Norwegian women; in North-Eastern Europe the organization, in addition to services provided to SS members, engaged in the relocation of children, mostly orphans, to families in Germany.

Lebensborn e. V. had facilities, or planned to, in the following countries (some were merely field offices):

  • Germany: 11
  • Austria: 3
  • North-Eastern occupied Europe (Poland): 3
  • Norway: 9 (or as many as 15)
  • Denmark: 2
  • France: 1 (February, 1944 - August, 1944)
  • Belgium: 1 (March, 1943 - September, 1944)
  • The Netherlands: 1
  • Luxembourg: 1

About 8,000 children were born in Lebensborn homes in Germany, and another 8,000 in Norway. Elsewhere the total number of births was much lower. For more information about Lebensborn in Norway, see War children.

[edit] Post-war trial

After the war the branch of the Lebensborn organization operating in North-Eastern Europe was accused of kidnapping children deemed racially valuable in order to resettle them with German families. However, of approximately 10,000 foreign-born children located in the American-controlled area of Germany after the war, in the trial of the leaders of the Lebensborn organization (United States of America v. Ulrich Greifelt, et al.), the Court found that only 340 had been handled by Lebensborn e. V. The accused were therefore acquitted on charges of kidnapping.

The Court did find ample evidence of an existing kidnapping/forced relocation program of children in North-Eastern Europe, but indicated that these activities were carried out by individuals who were not members of Lebensborn. Exactly how many children were relocated by Lebensborn or other organizations remains unknown due to the destruction of archives by SS members prior to fleeing the advancing Allied forces. From the trial's transcript: [3]

The prosecution has failed to prove with the requisite certainty the participation of Lebensborn, and the defendants connected therewith in the kidnapping program conducted by the Nazis. While the evidence has disclosed that thousands upon thousands of children were unquestionably kidnapped by other agencies or organizations and brought into Germany, the evidence has further disclosed that only a small percentage of the total number ever found their way into Lebensborn. And of this number only in isolated instances did Lebensborn take children who had a living parent. The majority of those children in any way connected with Lebensborn were orphans of ethnic Germans.

As a matter of fact, it is quite clear from the evidence that Lebensborn sought to avoid taking into its homes, children who had family ties; and Lebensborn went to the extent of making extensive investigations where the records were inadequate, to establish the identity of a child and whether it had family ties. When it was discovered that the child had a living parent, Lebensborn did not proceed with an adoption, as in the case of orphans, but simply allowed the child to be placed in a German home after an investigation of the German family for the purpose of determining the good character of the family and the suitability of the family to care for and raise the child.

Lebensborn made no practice of selecting and examining foreign children. In all instances where foreign children were handed over to Lebensborn by other organizations after a selection and examination, the children were given the best of care and never ill-treated in any manner.

It is quite clear from the evidence that of the numerous organizations operating in Germany who were connected with foreign children brought into Germany, Lebensborn was the one organization which did everything in its power to adequately provide for the children and protect the legal interests of the children placed in its care.

Upon the evidence submitted, the defendant Sollmann is found not guilty on counts one and two of the indictment.

In Norway the Lebensborn organization handled approximately 250 adoptions. In most of these cases the mothers had agreed to the adoption, though not all were informed that their child would be sent to Germany. The Norwegian government brought back all but 80 of these children after the war. The Norwegian Lebensborn records are intact, the majority stored at the The National Archival Services of Norway.

[edit] Post-war sensationalism

Himmler's effort to secure a racially pure Greater Germany, the classification of Lebensborn as one of Himmler's race programs and sloppy journalism on the subject in the early years after the war seems to have marked Lebensborn as one of the frontiers of Himmler's race battle. In particular, the allegation of an attempt to create a master race through supervised breeding have stuck with Lebensborn and have reached a wider audience over the years.

Until the last days of the war, the mothers and the children got the best treatment available, including food, even though many others in the area were starving. Because of this, once the war ended many townspeople turned on the women, beating them, cutting off their hair, and running them out of the community.

The first stories of Lebensborn involvement in a master race plan can be found in the German magazine Revue, which ran a series on the subject in the 1950s. On January 13, 1961, the German movie Der Lebensborn (also known as Ordered to Love (US) and Fountain of Life (International)), produced by Artur Brauner, was released, later to gain worldwide circulation. The movie purported that young girls were forced to mate in Nazi camps. [4] In the decades to follow the subject has been revisited both by film makers and in the printed press. Examples:

CBS Drama Explores Nazis' Plan For A `Master Race, The Seattle Times - October 19, 1986
Of all the many terrible aspects of the Nazi regime, one of the least familiar was the party's plan to create a Master Race through lebensborn. This was a program intended to mate the most Aryan of German girls with the most Aryan of S.S. members.

Nazi records found for breeding scheme, The Dallas Morning News - November 26, 1999
Thousands of Germans who were born as a result of one of the Nazis' efforts to create an Aryan "master race" have at last been given hope of tracing their parents - 54 years after the scheme was hurriedly abandoned at the end of the second world war.

How the Evil Began, and How It Spread, Newsweek - March 20, 2000
The Lebensborn program wasn't a sudden decision by Hitler and his cronies. It was part of a much larger Nazi policy on racial purity that evolved over many years ...

Recent movies: Lebensborn (US, 1997), Pramen zivota (Czech, 2000; also known as Spring of Life (US, 2000))

[edit] Open meeting

In November of 2006 an open meeting took place between several Lebensborn children, with the intent of dispelling myths and encouraging those affected to investigate their origins.[2]

[edit] See also

[edit] Books

  • Catrine Clay & Michael Leapman: Master race: the Lebensborn experiment in Nazi Germany. Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton, 1995. ISBN 0-340-58978-7. (German version: Herrenmenschen - Das Lebensborn-Experiment der Nazis. Publisher: Heyne-TB, 1997)
  • "Children of World War II: the Hidden Enemy Legacy." Ed. Kjersti Ericsson and Eva Simonsen. New York: Berg Publishers, 2005.
  • Marc Hillel and Clarissa Henry: Of Pure Blood. Published 1976. ISBN 0-07-028895-X (French version: Au nom de la race. Publisher: Fayard)
  • Dorothee Schmitz-Köster: Deutsche Mutter bist du bereit - Alltag im Lebensborn. Publisher: Aufbau-Verlag, 2002.
  • Gisela Heidenreich: Das endlose Jahr. Die langsame Entdeckung der eigenen Biographie - ein Lebensbornschicksal. Published: 2002.
  • Georg Lilienthal: Der Lebensborn e. V. - Ein Instrument nationalsozialistischer Rassenpolitik. Publisher: Fischer, 1993 (possibly republished in 2003).
  • Kare Olsen: Vater: Deutscher. - Das Schicksal der norwegischen Lebensbornkinder und ihrer Mütter von 1940 bis heute. Published 2002. (the authoritative resource on Lebensborn in Norway and available in Norwegian: Krigens barn: De norske krigsbarna og deres mødre. Published: Aschehoug 1998. ISBN 82-03-29090-6)
  • Jörg Albrecht: Rohstoff für Übermenschen. Published: Artikel in Zeit-Punkte 3/2001 zum Thema Biomedizin, S. 16-18.
  • Benz, W.; Graml, H.; Weiß, H.(1997): Enzyklopädie des Nationalsozialismus. Published: Digitale Bibliothek, CD-ROM, Band 25, Directmedia GmbH, Berlin.
  • Trials of War Criminals - Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10. Vol. 5: United States v. Ulrich Greifelt, et al. (Case 8: 'RuSHA Case'). Publisher: US Government Printing Office, District of Columbia, 1950.
  • Thompson, Larry V. Lebensborn and the Eugenics Policy of the Reichsführer-SS. Central European History 4 (1971): 54-77.
  • Wältermann, Dieter. The Functions and Activities of the Lebensborn Organization Within the SS, the Nazi Regime, and Nazi Ideology. The Honors Journal II (1985: 5-23).
  • Huston, Nancy, Lignes de faille, Actes Sud, ISBN 2-7609-2606-4, 2006

[edit] References

  1. ^ Eddy, Melissa. "Documents Shed Light on Secret Nazi Programs." May 6, 2007 (AP).
  2. ^ Nazi 'master race' children meet, BBC News, November 4, 2006

[edit] External links

Finnish war children

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During World War II some 70,000 Finnish children (Finnish: sotalapset) were evacuated from Finland to Scandinavia, chiefly to Sweden. Most were evacuated during the Continuation War to ease the situation for their parents who set out to rebuild their homes in the re-conquered Karelia returning from the evacuation of Finnish Karelia. The first surge of evacuees arrived, however, during the Winter War when the Finns had reasons to fear a humanitarian catastrophe following the expected Soviet occupation.

In retrospect, the evacuation has been considered psychologically flawed, as the separations turned out to inflict a far greater damage on the evacuees than the damage suffered by those children who had remained by their parents in Finland. In comparison to Finland's approximately 23,000 military casualties in the Winter War, the 66,000 in the Continuation war, and the total of 2,000 civilian casualties – and the roughly equally many seriously wounded – the war children were, of course, not physically injured, let alone killed. However, their number is of about the same size as that of the war invalids, and many of them feel their sufferings to be ignored.

After the war Finland experienced times of economic hardship, and also substantial insecurity with regard to the Soviet Union's plans for Finland, which resulted in the delay of the return of the children for several years. Ultimately about 20% of the war children stayed with their foster families after the war, who often adopted them, which spared them another traumatic separation. Many more returned to Sweden as adults, when the prolonged post-war hardship in Finland pushed large contingents of unemployed Finns to Sweden's booming economy in the 1950s–60s.

The exact figures remain unknown.

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SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - CAROLINA KENNEDIA - SEAL - KISS FROM A ROSE 

 
SEE LINK FOR SEAL
http://ltjudgements2cmv.tripod.com/id13.html
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - CAROLINE E. KENNEDY - CAROLINA KENNEDIA 
 
SEE LINK FOR PRIME MERIDIAN
http://primemeridiancek.tripod.com/
 
 
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - PICS - CAROLINE E. KENNEDY - CAROLINA KENNEDIA 
 
 
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - PICS - DISCOURSE

SEE LINK FOR DISCOURSEI FOUND THIS INFORMATION IN MY HISTORY FILE AND I DIDN'T LOOK IT UP SOMEONE ELSE WAS IN MY OFFICE ON MY COMPUTER AND DID IT OR THEY SWAPPED AND RAIDED MY COMPUTER DRIVE...I GUESS ONE OF THEM THOUGHT THEY COULD COVER MORE SUBJECTS THAN ME...

http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/discourse/

SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - PRESENTATION 1

 

THE SOPHIA OF ALL THE SOPHIA'S OF WISDOMS

JUDGEMENTS & NOTES -
WOMEN WAR CRIMINALS